What is the tax advantage of REIT dividends?
Avoiding Double Taxation
If you own shares in a REIT, you should receive a copy of IRS Form 1099-DIV each year. This tells you how much you received in dividends and what kind of dividends they were: Ordinary income dividends are reported in Box 1. Qualified dividends in Box 1b.
REITs typically pay higher dividends than common equities. REITs are able to generate higher yields due in part to the favorable tax structure. These trusts own cash-generating real estate properties. REITs are typically listed on a national exchange and provide investors considerable liquidity.
Overview. A REIT is taxable as a regular corporation, but is entitled to the dividends paid deduction. Therefore, a REIT does not pay federal income tax on net taxable income distributed as deductible dividends to shareholders. Net income from foreclosure property is taxed at 35 percent.
REIT Tax Advantages
There are no wage restrictions or caps on the deduction, and taxpayers don't need to itemize their deductions to receive the QBI deduction. Therefore, in a REIT structure, the QBI deduction can benefit high-net-worth individuals, as non-REIT structures may have income limitations.
Qualified dividends are taxed at 0%, 15% or 20% depending on taxable income and filing status. Nonqualified dividends are taxed as income at rates up to 37%. IRS form 1099-DIV helps taxpayers to accurately report dividend income.
Avoiding Double Taxation
That means REITs avoid the dreaded “double-taxation” of corporate tax and personal income tax. Instead, REITs are sheltered from corporate taxes so their investors are only taxed once.
Quote: For UK resident individuals who receive tax returns, the PID from a UK REIT is included on the tax return as Other Income. If completing the return online, in the section "Other UK Income" tick the bottom box "Any other income".
Qualified REIT dividends are reported on Form 1040, line 3a. These qualify for the lower long-term capital gains tax rate. Capital gains distributions from the sale of REIT shares are reported on Schedule D and Form 1040. These may be taxed at lower long-term capital gains rates depending on your holding period.
Risks of investing in REITs include higher dividend taxes, sensitivity to interest rates, and exposure to specific property trends.
Why not to invest in REITs?
The value of a REIT is based on the real estate market, so if interest rates increase and the demand for properties goes down as a result, it could lead to lower property values, negatively impacting the value of your investment.
March 5, 2024, at 3:47 p.m. REITs are public companies with large real estate portfolios, and are known to havesizable dividends. Real estate investments can be an excellent way to earn returns, generate cash flow, hedge against inflation and diversify an investment portfolio.
If you own REITs in an IRA, you won't have to worry about dividend taxes each year, nor will you have to pay taxes in the year in which you sell a REIT at a profit. In a traditional IRA, you won't owe any taxes until you withdraw money from the account.
Because REIT dividends are considered small business income, investors can potentially deduct up to 20% of their QBI on their taxes. As of 2023, the total taxable income limit to qualify for this deduction is $182,100 for filing individually and $364,200 for filing jointly.
In general, FIRPTA withholding rules apply to require the REIT to withhold 35% of the amount distributed to foreign shareholders that is designated as a capital gain dividend by the REIT. Corporate investors will also be subject to BPT on such distributions.
REITs and REIT Funds
Real estate investment trusts are a poor fit for taxable accounts for the reason that I just mentioned. Their income tends to be high and often composes a big share of the returns that investors earn from them, as REITs must pay out a minimum of 90% of their taxable income in dividends each year.
The benefits of a REIT investment include liquidity, diversification, and passive income in the form of high dividends. The potential downsides of a REIT investment include taxes, fees, and market volatility due to interest rate movements or trends in the real estate market.
Finally, a REIT is not a pass-through entity. This means that, unlike a partnership, a REIT cannot pass any tax losses through to its investors.
Your “qualified” dividends may be taxed at 0% if your taxable income falls below $44,625 (if single or Married Filing Separately), $59,750 (if Head of Household), or $89,250 (if (Married Filing Jointly or qualifying widow/widower) (tax year 2023). Above those thresholds, the qualified dividend tax rate is 15%.
One disadvantage of dividend-paying stocks (or mutual funds that invest in dividend-paying stocks) is that they accelerate taxes. Regardless of how long you hold the stock, you'll owe taxes on dividends as they're paid, which erodes your returns over time.
Are dividends taxed higher than capital gains?
After the sale of a capital asset, your gains become part of a taxable income. The tax rate for capital gains is higher compared to dividends. Also, short-term capital gains and long-term capital gains have different levels of tax liability.
Many companies and an increasing number of REITs now offer dividend reinvestment plans (DRIPs), which, if selected, will automatically reinvest dividends in additional shares of the company. Reinvesting dividends does not free investors from tax obligations.
Instead of passing through all items of gain, loss, deduction, and credit to its partners to avoid double taxation, a REIT avoids double taxation via a “dividend paid deduction.” The dividend paid deduction reduces the REIT's taxable income dollar-for-dollar based on the amount of dividends paid — or deemed paid — to ...
- What dividends and REITs are.
- ARMOUR Residential REIT – 20.7%
- Orchid Island Capital – 17.8%
- AGNC Investment – 14.8%
- Oxford Square Capital – 13.7%
- Ellington Residential Mortgage REIT – 13.2%
- SLR Investment – 11.5%
- PennantPark Floating Rate Capital – 10%
The REIT must have held the property for at least two years (IRC § 857(b)(6)(C)(i)). The total expenditures made by the REIT, or any of its partners, during the two years preceding the sale of the land may not exceed 30 percent of the net selling price of the property (IRC § 857(b)(6)(C)(ii)).
References
- https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/how-should-i-hold-real-estate-investment-property.html
- https://www.taftlaw.com/news-events/law-bulletins/real-estate-investment-funds-to-reit-or-not-to-reit/
- https://www.quora.com/Why-are-dividends-considered-inefficient-for-taxes-even-though-a-company-that-pays-no-dividends-would-keep-the-value-in-the-share-price-which-would-cause-capital-gains-tax-upon-sale-Isnt-the-investor-exchanging
- https://rsmus.com/insights/industries/real-estate/abcs-of-reits.html
- https://fnrpusa.com/blog/reit-investing-pros-cons/
- https://www.nuveen.com/en-us/insights/real-estate/tax-benefits-and-implications-for-reit-investors
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/taxes/dividend-tax-rate
- https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/us/Documents/Tax/us-tax-introduction-to-taxation-of-foreign-investment-071515.pdf
- https://www.gini.co/finance-glossary/capital-gains-vs-dividends
- https://www.forbes.com/sites/johndobosz/2023/08/21/retire-right-with-these-6--billionaire-stocks-that-pay-dividends-monthly/
- https://moneyforums.citywire.com/yaf_postsm141265_PID-Income--Dividend-from-REIT--on-Self-Assessment.aspx
- https://www.sec.gov/files/reits.pdf
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/retirement/07/reduce-estate-tax.asp
- https://investor.vanguard.com/investor-resources-education/taxes/tax-saving-investments
- https://1031ex.com/reit/learning-center/faqs/can-i-invest-in-reits-through-a-retirement-account/
- https://finance.yahoo.com/news/3-best-reits-buy-now-164122870.html
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/best-tax-free-municipal-bond-funds
- https://www.reit.com/investing/investing-reits/taxes-reit-investment
- https://www.morningstar.com/personal-finance/which-investments-keep-out-your-taxable-account
- https://www.1031crowdfunding.com/should-you-hold-reits-in-an-ira/
- https://www.mazars.us/Home/Industries/Real-estate/Thought-leadership-for-real-estate/Thought-leadership-for-real-estate-Additional/IRS-issues-new-ruling-on-the-treatment-of-REITs
- https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/problem-reits-solutions-shiimperial
- https://answerconnect.cch.com/topic/84aa90e47c66100097f190b11c18c902012/taxation-of-reits
- https://www.fool.com/the-ascent/taxes/reit-taxation-basics/
- https://answerconnect.cch.com/document/arp286529ae447b6c10009ad0001b7840a5b2019b/federal/irc/explanation/penalties-100-percent-tax-on-prohibited-transactions
- https://starlightcapital.com/en/insights/impact-of-rising-interest-rates-on-reits
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/stocks/11/intro-tax-efficient-investing.asp
- https://www.dividend.com/dividend-education/the-complete-guide-to-reit-taxes/
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/pf/08/reit-tax.asp
- https://smartasset.com/investing/how-reits-are-taxed
- https://smartasset.com/taxes/how-do-i-avoid-paying-tax-on-dividends
- https://www.bogleheads.org/wiki/Tax-efficient_fund_placement
- https://www.pionline.com/interactive/reits-historically-perform-well-during-and-after-recessions
- https://www.edwardjones.com/sites/default/files/acquiadam/2020-09/reits-frequently-asked-questions.pdf
- https://www.schwab.com/stocks/understand-stocks/reits
- https://www.ramseysolutions.com/retirement/real-estate-investment-trust
- https://streitwise.com/reit-tax-advantages/
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/012816/basics-reinvesting-reit-dividends.asp
- https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/pros-cons-investing-in-reits/
- https://www.eisneramper.com/insights/blogs/real-estate-blog/reit-tax-benefits-re-blog-0223/
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/111414/how-does-bonds-coupon-interest-rate-affect-its-price.asp
- https://www.classlawgroup.com/securities-fraud/investment/real-estate-investment-trusts/getting-out-of-a-non-traded-reit
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/best-reits-to-buy
- https://www.1031crowdfunding.com/what-is-a-reit-dividend-tax-rate/
- https://smartasset.com/taxes/how-can-i-avoid-paying-taxes-on-savings-bonds
- https://www.sofi.com/learn/content/reit-investing-pros-and-cons/
- https://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0712/how-much-money-do-you-need-to-invest-in-real-estate.aspx
- https://fnrpusa.com/blog/why-not-invest-in-reits/
- https://www.financestrategists.com/wealth-management/stocks/dividends-vs-capital-gains/
- https://www.vintti.com/blog/1120-reit-us-income-tax-return-for-real-estate-investment-trusts/
- https://www.taxact.com/support/21305/capital-gains-and-losses-worthless-securities
- https://am.jpmorgan.com/us/en/asset-management/adv/insights/portfolio-insights/alternatives-education/tax-advantages-of-public-nonlisted-reits/
- https://www.bankrate.com/investing/good-time-to-buy-reits/
- https://www.iofm.com/ask-the-expert/1099s-and-real-estate-investment-trusts-reits
- https://www.hawkinsash.cpa/weigh-the-tax-impact-of-income-vs-growth-when-investing/
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/021615/what-safest-investment.asp
- https://seekingalpha.com/article/4673082-what-i-wish-i-knew-before-investing-in-reits
- https://answerconnect.cch.com/document/mtg018497a18c7b581000862400237de5959c012/mastertaxguide/taxation-of-reit-distributions
- https://turbotax.intuit.com/tax-tips/investments-and-taxes/guide-to-taxes-on-dividends/L1jBC5OvB
- https://turbotax.intuit.com/tax-tips/investments-and-taxes/tax-tips-for-real-estate-investment-trusts/L0tW3ad6C
- https://www.robomarkets.com/blog/stock-market/top-stocks/top-10-monthly-dividend-stocks/