What day of the month should I sell my I bonds?
Keep in mind that you don't earn interest on your I Bonds until you complete the month, so cash out early in the month. If it's near the end of the month, plan to cash out after the 1st of next month so you get the interest you've earned.
If the holding period return generated by selling now is equal to or greater than if you held it until maturity, it's probably time to sell.
It's possible to redeem a savings bond as soon as one year after it's purchased, but it's usually wise to wait at least five years so you don't lose the last three months of interest when you cash it in.
§ 359.16 When does interest accrue on Series I savings bonds? (a) Interest, if any, accrues on the first day of each month; that is, we add the interest earned on a bond during any given month to its value at the beginning of the following month.
You'll likely want to time your cash-out for three months after your I-Bond's reset date so that the three months' interest you lose are of the new lower rate, not the higher rate you were happier with. To accomplish that, you should hold your I-Bond for at least 15 months.
As for fixed income, we expect a strong bounce-back year to play out over the course of 2024. When bond yields are high, the income earned is often enough to offset most price fluctuations. In fact, for the 10-year Treasury to deliver a negative return in 2024, the yield would have to rise to 5.3 percent.
You can sell back your electronic I bonds through the TreasuryDirect site. Selling I bonds before five years will result in losing the last three months of earned interest. You can try cashing in your bonds through your local bank, but not all institutions offer the service.
But you do not have to pay taxes at the state and local levels. You can report the interest each year you earn it or when you cash the bond. You will report it on Schedule B of your 1040. You can avoid these taxes by using the money for qualified higher education expenses.
If your I bond has a fixed rate above zero, it depends on when/if you need the funds and what your alternative investment options are in addition to your investment time horizon and risk tolerance. If you think you'll use the bonds to pay for education expenses it might make sense to hold.
After 20 years, the Patriot Bond is guaranteed to be worth at least face value. So a $50 Patriot Bond, which was bought for $25, will be worth at least $50 after 20 years. It can continue to accrue interest for as many as 10 more years after that.
Is it better to buy I bonds at the end of the month?
Interest is accrued monthly, and if you own the I Bond at the end of the month you are considered (for interest and other purposes) to have owned it for the entire month. So buying towards the end of the month is advantageous, but make sure to leave a business day or two for the purchase to actually go through.
Interest on I bonds is exempt from state and local taxes but taxed at the federal level at ordinary income-tax rates.
The cons of investing in I-bonds
There's actually a limit on how much you can invest in I-bonds per year. The annual maximum in purchases is $10,000 worth of electronic I-bonds, although in some cases, you may be able to purchase an additional $5,000 worth of paper I-bonds using your tax refund.
Face Value | Purchase Amount | 30-Year Value (Purchased May 1990) |
---|---|---|
$50 Bond | $100 | $207.36 |
$100 Bond | $200 | $414.72 |
$500 Bond | $400 | $1,036.80 |
$1,000 Bond | $800 | $2,073.60 |
You can cash out your entire I bond, or you can do it in partial amounts as long as you leave at least $25 in your account. Paper I bonds can be cashed out in full, either at your bank (most branch-based banks will cash savings bonds) or directly through the Treasury Department by mail.
The composite rate for I bonds issued from November 2023 through April 2024 is 5.27%.
5. Strong demand should support bonds in 2024. I believe investors are going to shift an increasing amount of money to fixed income and more interest rate-sensitive assets in 2024 as the Fed has signaled an end to its hiking cycle.
Most bonds pay a fixed interest rate that becomes more attractive if interest rates fall, driving up demand and the price of the bond. Conversely, if interest rates rise, investors will no longer prefer the lower fixed interest rate paid by a bond, resulting in a decline in its price.
Moore expects that prices of high-quality corporate bonds will recover strongly once the economy and inflation slow, and the Fed begins cutting rates to stimulate growth.
If you cash out these I Bonds, remember that you will lose the prior 3 months interest. It's likely worth it, so that you can get into higher rates, or so you might get into the new 1.3% fixed rate I Bonds, but just remember that you'll be giving up the prior 3 months interest.
What happens if you sell an I bond the first year?
However, if a bond is cashed within the first five years after its issue date, interest earned during the three months prior to cashing will be forfeited. Once a Series I bond is five years old, there is no interest penalty for redemption.
Must I pay tax on what the bond earns? You choose whether to report each year's earnings or wait to report all the earnings when you get the money for the bond. If you use the money for qualified higher education expenses, you may not have to pay tax on the earnings.
If you cashed in I bonds last year, you must report the interest on line 2b of Form 1040 and pay tax to the extent you didn't otherwise include the interest income in a prior year. If you received $1,500 or more in interest during the year, you would also have to fill out Schedule B and attach it to your tax return.
If you invest in TreasuryDirect, your 1099 will be available electronically and you can print the form from your account. 1099 forms are available by January 31 of each tax year.
In general, you must report the interest in income in the taxable year in which you redeemed the bonds to the extent you did not include the interest in income in a prior taxable year.
References
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