How many types of funds are there?
Governmental fund reporting often has a budgetary orientation. Governmental funds are classified into five fund types: general, special revenue, capital projects, debt service, and permanent funds.
Governmental fund reporting often has a budgetary orientation. Governmental funds are classified into five fund types: general, special revenue, capital projects, debt service, and permanent funds.
Most mutual funds fall into one of four main categories – money market funds, bond funds, stock funds, and target date funds. Each type has different features, risks, and rewards.
Bond funds are the most common type of fixed-income mutual funds, where (as the name suggests) investors are paid a fixed amount back on their initial investment.
The Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) basis classification divides funds into three fund categories: governmental, proprietary, and fiduciary.
A fund is a pool of money set aside for a specific purpose. The pool of money in a fund is often invested and professionally managed in order to generate returns for its investors. Some common types of funds include pension funds, insurance funds, foundations, and endowments.
The general fund is the principal state fund supporting the operation of the state. Sources of Revenue: Taxes, Federal Grants-In-Aid, Charges and Miscellaneous Revenue, Licenses, Permits, and Fees and Other Miscellaneous Revenue, Interest Income.
Although a local government has to report only one general fund in its external financial reports, the government can have multiple general subfunds for its internal managerial purposes. These managerial subfunds have to be combined into one general fund for external financial reporting.
the funds into two broad groups—governmental cost funds and nongovernmental cost funds. Governmental cost funds are basically those funds, which receive revenues in the form of taxes, licenses and fees.
There are several types of mutual funds available for investment, though most mutual funds fall into one of four main categories which include stock funds, money market funds, bond funds, and target-date funds.
How many types of funds are there in mutual funds?
| Based on Structure | 1) Open-ended 2) Close-ended 3) Interval funds |
|---|---|
| Based on Asset Class | 1) Equity Funds 2) Debt Funds 3) Money Market Funds 4) Hybrid Funds |
| Based on Investment Goals | 1) Growth funds 2) Income funds 3) Liquid funds 4) Tax-saving funds 5) Fixed Maturity Funds 6) Pension Funds |
There are as many as 44 AMFI (Association of Mutual Funds in India) registered fund houses in India which together offer more than 2,500 mutual fund schemes. The wide array of funds often make it a little difficult for investors to choose the best scheme for them.
| Mutual fund | Assets under management |
|---|---|
| Vanguard 500 Index Fund Admiral Shares (VFIAX) | $851.2 billion |
| Fidelity 500 Index Fund (FXAIX) | $407.6 billion |
| Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund Admiral Shares (VTIAX) | $354.4 billion |
| Fidelity Government Money Market Fund (SPAXX) | $290 billion |
GASB defines major funds as those meeting the following criteria: The total assets plus deferred outflows, liabilities plus deferred inflows, revenues, or expenditures/expenses of the individual governmental or enterprise fund are at least 10 percent of the corresponding total (assets, liabilities, etc.)
- Meeder Dynamic Allocation Fund.
- JPMorgan Investor Growth Fund.
- TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Aggressive Gr Fund.
- Franklin Mutual Shares Fund.
- North Square Multi Strategy Fd.
- Gabelli Focused Growth and Inc Fd.
- E-Valuator Agrsv Growth(85%-99%)RMS Fund.
To raise capital for business needs, companies primarily have two types of financing as an option: equity financing and debt financing.
Debt and equity are the two major sources of financing.
Hedge funds and private equity funds are two of the most common types of private investment funds.
There are five main types of government funds, which includes the general fund, the capital projects fund, the permanent fund, the special revenue fund, and the debt service fund.
Mutual funds make money by charging investors a percentage of assets under management and may also charge a sales commission (load) upon fund purchase or redemption. Fund fees, called the expense ratio, can range from close to 0% to more than 2% depending on the fund's operating costs and investment style.
What is a special fund?
A Special Fund is a type of a Collective Investment Scheme that invests based on the Fund Managers Investment Strategy. A Collective Investment Scheme is a pool of funds from various investors who have a common goal, and in most cases, it is promoted by a fund manager.
A special revenue fund is established to finance and operate dedicated smaller-scale projects. Parks, libraries, beaches, and town plazas may all be financed by special revenue funds. These projects will have their own set of books for recording cash inflows and outflows.
Trust funds are legal arrangements that allow individuals to place assets in a special account to benefit another person or entity. Trust funds can be complex and often require the assistance of an attorney to set up, though there are online tools for the do-it-yourselfer.
General fund refers to revenues accruing to the state from taxes, fees, interest earnings, and other sources which can be used for the general operation of state government.
In the context of financial reporting, the term fund balance is used to describe the net position of governmental funds calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).
References
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/173.asp
- https://www.britannica.com/money/business-finance/Short-term-financing
- https://sumsub.com/blog/proof-of-source-of-funds-posof/
- https://www.forbes.com/sites/moiravetter/2015/10/17/4-sources-of-small-business-capital-theres-more-to-growth-than-debt-equity/
- https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/accounting/sources-of-funding/
- https://www.usbank.com/financialiq/plan-your-growth/open-new-markets/first-look-new-fund-rule.html
- https://sanctionscanner.com/knowledge-base/source-of-funds-sof-and-source-of-wealth-sow-758
- https://money.usnews.com/funds/mutual-funds/rankings/aggressive-allocation
- https://www.blackrock.com/corporate/about-us/leadership/larry-fink
- https://governance.weil.com/featured/the-big-three-esg-a-guide-to-blackrock-state-street-vanguard-proxy-voting-policies-guidance-on-key-esg-issues/
- https://gocardless.com/guides/posts/internal-external-sources-of-finance/
- https://www.growthink.com/content/5-most-common-funding-sources
- https://stories.opengov.com/ukiahca/published/BiXfhQYU9
- https://quizlet.com/10606956/402-sources-used-in-financing-a-small-business-flash-cards/
- https://www.institutionalinvestor.com/article/2btxellkcqh4xzqlt8c1s/corner-office/stop-lumping-the-big-three-asset-managers-together-academics-say
- https://lifeinsurance.adityabirlacapital.com/articles/your-money/safe-investment-plans-with-high-returns-in-india
- https://www.investopedia.com/world-s-11-greatest-investors-4773356
- https://homework.study.com/explanation/what-are-the-primary-sources-of-funds-for-new-business-owners-why-is-this-so-common.html
- https://breakingintowallstreet.com/kb/debt-equity/debt-vs-equity-analysis/
- https://sao.wa.gov/bars-annual-filing/bars-gaap-manual/accounting/accounting-principles-and-internal-control/fund-types-and-accounting-principles
- https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/the-costliest-of-longterm-sources-of-finance-is/
- https://www.thomsonreuters.com/content/helpandsupp/en-us/help/checkpoint-tools/local-governments/major-fund-determination-worksheet-local.html
- https://money.usnews.com/investing/articles/largest-mutual-funds-by-aum
- https://www.gfoa.org/materials/fund-balance-guidelines-for-the-general-fund
- https://www.rocketmortgage.com/learn/1-rule-real-estate
- https://brainly.com/question/44338962
- https://www.americanexpress.com/en-us/business/trends-and-insights/articles/small-business-guide-sources-of-capital/
- https://www.nirmalbang.com/knowledge-center/types-of-mutual-funds.html
- https://homework.study.com/explanation/identify-and-briefly-describe-the-two-primary-sources-of-shareholder-s-equity.html
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/03/062003.asp
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackRock
- https://www.franklintempleton.com.sg/resources/investor-education/all-you-need-to-know-about-funds/how-to-choose-right-type-of-fund
- https://dof.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/352/budget/budget-analyst-guide/conditn.docx
- https://www.mutualfunds.com/portfolio-management-channel/ten-steps-to-find-the-best-funds-and-build-an-investment-strategy/
- https://online.mason.wm.edu/blog/four-types-of-financial-statements
- https://complyadvantage.com/insights/what-is-source-of-funds-source-wealth/
- https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/Buffett_Rule_Report_Final.pdf
- https://extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/owner-equity-section.html
- https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/sub-articles/2020/08/sources-and-uses-of-funds-statement-2/
- https://sumsub.com/blog/proof-of-source-of-wealth/
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/best-performing-mutual-funds
- https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/valuation/equity-financing/
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/092415/how-mutual-fund-companies-make-money.asp
- https://blogs.law.ox.ac.uk/oblb/blog-post/2023/04/giant-asset-managers-big-three-and-index-investing
- https://www.livemint.com/money/personal-finance/10-top-performing-equity-mutual-funds-of-2023-check-list-here-11704015963217.html
- https://www.blackrock.com/us/individual/literature/fact-sheet/sma-target-allocation-70-30-etf-factsheet.pdf
- https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/10-sources-funding-every-new-business-owner-should-know-el-assaad
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/mutualfund.asp
- https://www.nh.gov/transparentnh/glossary/general-fund.htm
- https://www.techopedia.com/who-owns-the-most-blk-stock
- https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2015/fin_acct/chapter4_3.asp
- https://cytonn.com/blog/article/understanding-special-funds-cytonn
- https://www.kiplinger.com/slideshow/investing/t041-s001-the-5-best-american-funds-for-retirees/index.html
- https://www.rewardinglearning.org.uk/common/includes/microsite_doc_link.aspx?docid=9699-1
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/042215/what-are-benefits-company-using-equity-financing-vs-debt-financing.asp
- https://www.forbes.com/profile/larry-fink/
- https://www.livemint.com/money/personal-finance/15-x-15-x-15-rule-of-mutual-funds-your-rs-500-per-day-savings-can-make-you-a-crorepati-here-is-how-11683343534356.html
- https://www.paisabazaar.com/mutual-funds/mutual-funds-in-india/
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100815/3-biggest-mutual-fund-companies-us.asp
- https://corporate.vanguard.com/content/corporatesite/us/en/corp/who-we-are/sets-us-apart/index.html
- https://www.nationwide.com/lc/resources/small-business/articles/business-funding-options
- https://www.visualcapitalist.com/blackrocks-top-equity-holdings-2023/
- https://www.forbes.com/profile/edward-johnson/
- https://byjus.com/question-answer/the-cheapest-source-of-finance-isequity-share-capital-preference-share-retained-earning-debenture/
- https://www.blackrock.com/institutions/en-zz/strategies/alternatives/hedge-funds
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/special-revenue-fund.asp
- https://www.bankrate.com/investing/best-index-funds/
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/section12d-1-limit.asp
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/fund
- https://www.fool.com/the-ascent/buying-stocks/articles/heres-why-investors-love-the-3-fund-portfolio/
- https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/wholefarm/html/c5-92.html
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/privateinvestmentfund.asp
- https://homework.study.com/explanation/what-are-four-common-sources-of-funding-for-a-small-business.html
- https://www.superfastcpa.com/what-is-an-enterprise-fund/
- https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/vanguard-blackrock-are-the-top-investors-in-us-banks-74959785
- https://help.generationhome.com/en/articles/5265191-proof-of-deposit-funds-what-counts-as-proof
- https://www.forafinancial.com/blog/small-business/small-business-grants/
- https://www.unbiased.com/discover/investing/vanguard-vs-blackrock
- https://www.schwab.com/learn/story/beyond-4-rule-how-much-can-you-spend-retirement
- https://www.paisabazaar.com/mutual-funds/how-to-select-mutual-fund/
- https://www.syndicateroom.com/alternative-investments/hedge-funds/vs-mutual-funds
- https://www.helpadvisor.com/retirement/blackrock-vs-the-vanguard-group-a-comparison-for-investors
- https://seon.io/resources/dictionary/source-of-funds/
- https://www.dgs.ca.gov/en/Resources/SAM/TOC/7400/7420
- https://homework.study.com/explanation/what-are-major-funds.html
- https://www.edelweissmf.com/investor-insights/mutual-fund-investment-tips-and-articles/high-risk-mutual-funds
- https://www.wallstreetmojo.com/capital-structure/
- https://www.universalcpareview.com/ask-joey/what-are-the-different-types-of-governmental-funds/
- https://www.ngpf.org/blog/question-of-the-day/question-of-the-day-what-source-of-funding-is-used-most-often-to-start-new-businesses/
- https://moabcity.org/DocumentCenter/View/2272
- https://investor.vanguard.com/investment-products/mutual-funds
- https://ag.purdue.edu/commercialag/home/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/202008_Langemeier_Sources.pdf
- https://quizlet.com/223136990/chapter-2-flash-cards/
- https://tea.texas.gov/system/files/majorfundcalctempl.pdf
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/012815/what-assets-are-most-risky-and-what-assets-are-safest.asp
- https://www.investmentnetwork.co.za/how-to-get-business-funding
- https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/110314/key-differences-between-etfs-and-mutual-funds.asp
- https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/fundamentals-of-corporate/9780470876442/34_appendixb.html
- https://inc42.com/resources/12-options-for-startup-funding-in-india/
- https://www.marketwatch.com/tools/top-25-mutual-funds
- https://www.ramseysolutions.com/retirement/daves-investing-philosophy
- https://www.blackrock.com/corporate/literature/whitepaper/eng-blackrock-worldwide-leader-in-asset-and-risk-management.pdf
- https://ofm.wa.gov/accounting/fund/detail/001
- https://portal.ct.gov/DOB/Consumer/Consumer-Education/ABCs-of-Banking---Banks-and-Our-Economy
- https://www.forbes.com/advisor/investing/best-mutual-funds/
- https://time.com/personal-finance/article/mutual-funds-vs-stocks/
- https://www.etmoney.com/mutual-funds/featured/high-risk-and-high-returns/20
- https://sao.wa.gov/bars-annual-filing/bars-gaap-manual/reporting/fund-financial-statements/major-funds
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/050115/what-are-some-reallife-examples-8020-rule-pareto-principle-practice.asp
- https://www.cnbc.com/2023/10/23/vanguard-blackrock-state-street-dont-own-major-us-corporations.html
- https://eightify.app/summary/finance-and-economics/the-world-s-most-powerful-companies-black-rock-and-vanguard
- https://www.smallcase.com/collections/best-mutual-funds-for-long-term/
- https://www.lawsociety.org.uk/topics/anti-money-laundering/source-of-funds-clean-or-consistent-with-risk
- https://www.bogleheads.org/wiki/Lazy_portfolios
- https://faqs.in.gov/hc/en-us/articles/360038854311-What-is-an-example-of-a-permanent-fund
- https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100519649
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_asset_management_firms
- https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/types-of-mutual-funds
- https://www.nationwide.com/lc/resources/investing-and-retirement/articles/how-to-set-up-a-trust-fund
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fund.asp
- https://www.investor.gov/introduction-investing/investing-basics/investment-products/mutual-funds-and-exchange-traded-1
- https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/how-can-i-buy-sp-500-fund/
- https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/7-four-primary-sources-funds-sales-revenue-equity-capital-money-received-owners-sale-share-q127530080
- https://www.nexford.edu/insights/pros-cons-venture-capital
- https://www.toppr.com/guides/business-studies/sources-of-business-finance/classification-of-sources-of-funds/
- https://m.economictimes.com/markets/stocks/news/the-optimal-number-of-mutual-funds-that-you-should-hold-in-your-portfolio/articleshow/99009145.cms
- https://www.tickertape.in/blog/best-mutual-funds-for-beginners-in-india-2023/
- https://www.investopedia.com/investing/how-pick-best-mutual-fund/
- https://quizlet.com/85766748/major-funds-and-fund-level-reporting-flash-cards/
- https://homework.study.com/explanation/which-of-the-following-is-not-a-governmental-fund-a-special-revenue-fund-b-debt-service-fund-c-trust-fund-d-general-fund.html
