Trying to pay off your debt can seem overwhelming, but there are strategies that can help. There are generally two different approaches to take to help pay down your debt, and each method has its pros and cons. There is no right or wrong answer when it comes to which method is best because every person’s debt situation differs. Sometimes it might even be a combination of both methods. It is up to you to determine what motivates you and which process may be the best fit for your situation.
What to know about the snowball vs. the avalanche method
The "snowball method," simply put, means paying off the smallest of all your loans as quickly as possible. Once that debt is paid, you take the money you were putting toward that payment and roll it onto the next-smallest debt owed. Ideally, this process would continue until all accounts are paid off. As you roll the money used from the smallest balance to the next on your list, the amount “snowballs” and gets larger and larger and the rate of the debt that is reduced is accelerated.
In contrast, the "avalanche method" focuses on paying the loan with the highest interest rate loans first. Similar to the "snowball method," when the higher-interest debt is paid off, you put that money toward the account with the next highest interest rate and so on, until you are done. By focusing on the loans that are the most expensive to carry in the long run, you should pay less over time as the higher interest loans are addressed first.
You may save some money with the "avalanche method," but if the principal is large, the time it may take to pay off debt with the highest interest can be discouraging and make it difficult to stick to the plan. Paying off small debts quickly can feel rewarding. If you prefer to see progress quickly and work your way up, then the "snowball method" may be a better fit for your debt management goals.
Putting the different methods to work
To apply the "snowball method" or the "avalanche method" to your financial situation, get organized by following these steps:
| "Snowball Method" | "Avalanche Method" |
1.
| Make a list. Organize any payment information, total amount owed, minimum monthly payments and due dates. | Make a list. Organize any payment information, total amount owed, minimum monthly payments and due dates. |
2.
| Sort them out. Arrange your list of accounts from smallest to largest dollar amount owed.
| Sort them out. Arrange your list of accounts from the highest interest rate to the lowest interest rate on each bill.
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3.
| Budget beyond the minimum. Determine how much extra you can afford to put toward the monthly minimum payment for your smallest debt, after paying the minimum payments on all of your other outstanding debts. Remember, if you do not have enough for even the minimum on each of your debts, it can hurt your credit score.
| Budget beyond the minimum. Determine how much extra you can afford to put toward the monthly minimum payment for your highest interest rate account, after paying the minimum payments on all of your other outstanding debts. Remember, if you do not have enough for even the minimum on each of your debts, it can hurt your credit score.
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4.
| Roll over payments as you make progress: When you’ve paid off the smallest debt, take the money previously used — the monthly payment and the little extra you budgeted — and put it toward the next-smallest debt.
| Roll over payments as you make progress: When you’ve paid off the account with the highest interest rate, take the money previously used — the monthly payment and the little extra you budgeted — and put it toward the next-highest interest rate account debt.
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Perfecting your debt pay down strategy
- Build an emergency fund: Have a safety net in place before you begin a debt pay down method. While it’s good to want to become debt-free, having funds to rely on in case of situations like an unexpected medical bill or car repair should be a priority.
- Stay up-to-date on all of your current bills: Don’t start either the avalanche or the snowball method if you are late on payments, as this will only complicate your debt situation. Contact your lenders to discuss possible options to prevent late payments such as adjusting the payment due date.
- Track your spending: Be careful to not charge up additional debts while you are working to pay down your debt. Track your spending to ensure you stick to your budget. Take note on how your credit score changes. Paying down your debts may help improve your score over time.
As you work on your chosen debt pay down strategy, remember to stay focused on your end goal.
- With the "snowball method," you will enjoy those little wins and use them as motivation to keep going.
- If you are analytical and patient, the "avalanche method" may be the method for you. With the "avalanche method," it may take longer to roll over to your next account but if you have larger balances with higher interest rates and you stick to the plan, it should save you in the long run.
Either way, it will take time, but the important thing to remember is to commit to a goal and stay with it. By staying focused on your end goal, and keeping control over not adding unnecessary new debts, your existing debts should slowly melt away.
FAQs
As you roll the money used from the smallest balance to the next on your list, the amount “snowballs” and gets larger and larger and the rate of the debt that is reduced is accelerated. In contrast, the "avalanche method" focuses on paying the loan with the highest interest rate loans first.
Should I use snowball or avalanche method? ›
If you're motivated by saving as much money as possible down to the last penny, you'll probably prefer the “avalanche” method. On the other hand, if getting a quick win right off the bat encourages you to keep moving forward, then the “snowball” method will likely motivate you the most.
What are some disadvantages of the snowball method of eliminating debt? ›
Does not save maximum interest: The debt snowball method is not necessarily the best choice for saving money on interest. Because you're prioritizing balances over interest rates and only making minimum payments on debts that are low on the list, you could end up paying considerably more in interest over time.
What is an advantage to using the debt snowball method? ›
The primary advantage of the debt snowball method is that it helps build motivation because you see faster results. With this strategy, you don't need to compare interest rates or APRs, only the amounts owed.
What should you do in the avalanche approach to reducing debt? ›
The debt avalanche is a systematic way of paying down debt to save money on interest. Individuals who use the debt avalanche strategy make the minimum payment on each debt, then use any remaining available funds to pay the debt with the highest interest rates.
Why is Avalanche better than Snowball? ›
The avalanche method prioritizes eliminating high-interest debt while the snowball method prioritizes paying off the smallest debts first. Deciding which is your optimal method depends on your goals and what motivates you most.
How to pay off $15,000 in credit card debt? ›
Here are four ways you can pay off $15,000 in credit card debt quickly.
- Take advantage of debt relief programs.
- Use a home equity loan to cut the cost of interest.
- Use a 401k loan.
- Take advantage of balance transfer credit cards with promotional interest rates.
Disadvantages of using the avalanche debt payoff method
Requires patience: Because repayment may be slower, depending on your balances, it may feel like you're not making any progress toward paying off your debt. This can make it harder to stay motivated and stick to your repayment plan.
What is the difference between debt snowball and avalanche? ›
As you roll the money used from the smallest balance to the next on your list, the amount “snowballs” and gets larger and larger and the rate of the debt that is reduced is accelerated. In contrast, the "avalanche method" focuses on paying the loan with the highest interest rate loans first.
Why would someone prefer to follow the debt snowball rather than the debt avalanche method of debt payoff? ›
The debt snowball method doesn't save as much on interest as the debt avalanche method, because it doesn't pay down higher-rate balances as quickly. But research suggests that for many people, focusing on the smallest debts first may be the most effective way to become debt-free.
Step 1: List your debts from smallest to largest (regardless of interest rate). Step 2: Make minimum payments on all your debts except the smallest debt. Step 3: Throw as much extra money as you can on your smallest debt until it's gone.
What debt should be paid off first? ›
Prioritizing debt by interest rate.
This repayment strategy, sometimes called the avalanche method, prioritizes your debts from the highest interest rate to the lowest. First, you'll pay off your balance with the highest interest rate, followed by your next-highest interest rate and so on.
What are the three biggest strategies for paying down debt? ›
What's the best way to pay off debt?
- The snowball method. Pay the smallest debt as fast as possible. Pay minimums on all other debt. Then pay that extra toward the next largest debt. ...
- Debt avalanche. Pay the largest or highest interest rate debt as fast as possible. Pay minimums on all other debt. ...
- Debt consolidation.
The two most popular strategies are to pay off balances with the highest interest rates first or to pay off the lowest balances first. The former will save you more money over the long run, but the latter can help you keep momentum and see progress.
Which method is best for staying motivated during debt repayment? ›
One of the best ways to stay motivated while paying off your debt is to find a community of people to share your journey with. Whether it's a Facebook group or debt payoff accounts on Instagram, having people to share your journey with, vent to, and celebrate wins with will be a game-changer.
What is the fastest way to pay off credit card debt? ›
The avalanche method has you focus first on repaying your highest-interest debt until it's completely gone. You then move on to the debt with the next-highest interest rate and so on. Paying more money toward your highest-interest debts may help you save money in interest payments in the long run.
What is the best way to pay off credit card debt? ›
If you have debt across multiple cards, it's a good idea to use the avalanche method — where you pay off the balance on the card with the highest interest rate first, then work your way through the rest from highest to lowest APR.
