What is liability only car insurance? This type of insurance covers a third party's property damage and personal injuries in the event of an accident. Car insurance that only has liability coverage would not cover your injuries and personal property damage as the driver responsible for the accident. Learn more about liability insurance and your coverage options.
What Is Auto Liability Insurance Coverage?
Auto liability insurance covers the cost of personal injuries and property damage sustained by a third party in an accident you caused. If you sustain injuries and property damage from an accident another person caused, their liability coverage will pay for the associated costs.
Unfortunately, if an at-fault driver does not have liability coverage, you might have to pay for all damages and injuries you sustained out of pocket unless you have appropriate comprehensive, collision, or other coverage as part of your auto insurance policy.
The Two Forms of Auto Liability Insurance Coverage
There are two types of auto liability insurance coverage, and most states and Washington, D.C., require you by law to have both, according to State Farm. The two liability insurance types include:
- Bodily Injury Liability Protection: This insurance covers a third party's physical injuries because of an accident. According to Investopedia, this protection also covers legal fees, pain and suffering, and lost wages.
- Property Damage Liability Protection: This insurance covers the cost of vehicle damage or replacement and other property damage, such as mailbox and fence post repair.
The limits set for both insurance types are per accident.
Your state might also require other forms of liability protection, such as uninsured motorist coverage and property protection. Check with your state's auto insurance laws or your insurance company's agent to determine the minimum requirements for your policy. As of 2014, says Investopedia, New York requires its drivers to carry liability insurance that will pay $25,000 for injuries to one person, $50,000 for injuries to multiple people, and so on, in addition to $10,000 for property damage.
You'll find that most insurance companies will package liability protection together. Allstate, for example, offers 25/50/10 policy coverage, which translates to:
- $25,000 bodily injury per person limit.
- $50,000 bodily injury per accident limit.
- $10,000 property damage limit.
Consider the amount you would feel comfortable paying should your limits not cover the total cost of an accident, and select the appropriate coverage based on that figure.
Even though there are minimum requirements, the amount of your liability protection is the maximum amount your insurance company will pay. You are responsible for additional out-of-pocket expenses if they exceed these limits. To avoid this scenario, you can purchase additional coverage. If you cannot pay your out-of-pocket responsibility, the company can attempt to collect in other ways, says State Farm, including the garnishment of wages.
Collision and Comprehensive Car Insurance Coverage
If you are at fault in an accident or are not at fault but the third party does not have proper insurance, then two types of car insurance coverage can help you pay for vehicle damages:
- Collision coverage
- Comprehensive coverage
Esurance describes collision coverage as coverage for the damage to your vehicle after it collides with another car or a stationary object, such as a fence, during an accident. Collision coverage is beneficial if you cause an accident or if an at-fault party does not carry the proper insurance to pay for your vehicle damage. Comprehensive coverage helps pay for any damage your vehicle sustains from a scenario that is not an actual collision. For example, comprehensive coverage applies if a tree falls on your car during a storm or your car gets stolen.
Other options you can add to your car insurance to protect yourself and your vehicle include:
- Gap Coverage: Gap coverage considers the balance on your auto loan and vehicle value. If you owe more than your vehicle's worth, gap coverage will pay off your auto loan.
- Rental Car Coverage: If your vehicle requires repairs, rental car coverage will pay for the cost of a rental car until it's fixed.
- Emergency Roadside Assistance: If you experience a blown tire or another vehicle issue that requires you to pull over to the side of the road, this coverage will take care of the cost of towing or other roadside help.
- Medical Payments Coverage: This insurance helps pay for medical bills for anyone injured in a vehicle, including yourself and all passengers. One way to avoid having to use this coverage is to have proper car seats for each child. Over the past decade, car seats have reduced the number of car-accident-related fatalities by 43 percent.
- Personal Injury Protection (PIP): This policy will also make sure your medical expenses are covered if you've been in an accident, regardless of your at-fault status and even if no other driver is involved. Per Esurance, PIP coverage is required in 13 states and will help pay for medical expenses before your health insurance provides coverage.
The cost of your insurance premium will increase as you add more coverage to your policy because the insurance company will have to pay out if you are in an accident or sustain damage in another way. If you want to keep premium costs low, you can choose to only carry the minimum amount of insurance, but you might then be responsible for costly medical and repair bills in the event of an accident.
Choosing a car with important safety features might also help lower your car insurance premiums, even if you carry more than the minimum amount of insurance protection.
Your state likely requires liability coverage. Your insurance agent can inform you about the minimum requirements, and you can add additional coverage to help prevent high out-of-pocket expenses after an accident.
Sources Used:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/automobile-liability-insurance.asp
https://www.statefarm.com/insurance/auto/coverage-options/liability-coverage
https://www.esurance.com/insurance/car/coverage
https://www.caranddriver.com/shopping-advice/a27954248/kinds-of-car-seats/
https://www.caranddriver.com/features/g27612164/car-safety-features/
https://www.allstate.com/tr/car-insurance/liability-car-insurance-cover.aspx
Hearst Autos Research
Hearst Autos Research, produced independently of the Car and Driver Editorial staff, provides articles about cars and the automotive industry to help readers make informed purchasing choices.