Agency bonds | Vanguard (2024)

Risks

Agency bond prices can rise or fall depending on interest rates. Interest rate changes generally have a greater effect on long-term bond prices.

All agency bonds carry the credit risk that the issuer will default or will be unable to make timely payments of interest and principal. GSE debt is solely the obligation of the issuer and carries greater credit risk than U.S. Treasury securities.

Some agency bonds have call provisions that allow the issuer to redeem the bonds prior to the stated maturity date. Issuers typically call bonds during periods of declining interest rates.

Certain events can impact a GSE or agency issuer’s financial situation and ability to make timely payments to bondholders, including economic, political, legal or regulatory changes and natural disasters. Event risk is unpredictable and can significantly impact bondholders.

Agency bonds sold prior to maturity may be subject to substantial gain or loss. The secondary market may also be limited.

Learn aboutGovernment National Mortgage Association (GNMA) bonds

Agency bonds | Vanguard (2024)

FAQs

Are agency bonds a good investment? ›

Are Agency Bonds a Good Investment? Agency bonds are considered low-risk because the full faith and credit of the federal government usually backs the issuing agencies. On the other hand, they offer higher interest rates than other government securities, such as Treasurys.

What is an example of an agency bond? ›

The bonds issued by the Federal national mortgage association (Fannie Mae), Federal home loan Mortgage (Freddie Mac), Federal farm credit banks, Funding corporation, and Federal home loan bank are some prominent examples. The agency bonds issued by the Farm Credit System also fall in this category.

What are the downsides of agency bonds? ›

All agency bonds carry the credit risk that the issuer will default or will be unable to make timely payments of interest and principal.

How often do US agency bonds pay interest? ›

Bonds pay a fixed rate of interest every six months until they mature. You can hold a bond until it matures or sell it before it matures.

What is the downside of investing in bonds? ›

Historically, bonds have provided lower long-term returns than stocks. Bond prices fall when interest rates go up. Long-term bonds, especially, suffer from price fluctuations as interest rates rise and fall.

Is it worth investing in bonds anymore? ›

High-quality bond investments remain attractive. With yields on investment-grade-rated1 bonds still near 15-year highs,2 we believe investors should continue to consider intermediate- and longer-term bonds to lock in those high yields.

Are agency bonds state tax free? ›

Most bonds issued by government agencies are tax-exempt. This means interest on these bonds are excluded from gross income for federal tax purposes. In addition, interest on the bonds is exempt from State of California personal income taxes.

Who purchases agency bonds? ›

New issue agency and GSE bonds

New issue bonds are typically sold through broker-dealers, who purchase them in large blocks, then make the securities available to other institutions and to individuals.

What are the two types of entities that issue agency bonds? ›

The bulk of all agency bond debt—GSEs and Federal Government agencies—is issued by the Federal Home Loan Banks, Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and the Federal Farm Credit banks. GSEs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, unlike U.S. Treasury bonds.

What are the pros and cons of issuing bonds? ›

What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages to Issuing Bonds in Order to Raise Capital?
Debt vs. ...Retained EarningsAsset Sale
AdvantagesFaster, tax benefitsMay not want to sell assets, possible tax benefits
DisadvantagesRiskier, interest paymentsRiskier, Interest Payments, possible tax disadvantage

Are US treasury bonds taxable? ›

Interest from Treasuries is generally taxable at the federal level, but not at the state level. Interest from munis is generally exempt from federal taxes, and if you live in the state where the bond was issued, the interest may also be exempt from state taxes.

What disadvantages do bonds present for the issue? ›

There are also some disadvantages to issuing bonds, including: regular interest payments to bondholders - though interest may be fixed, the interest will usually have to be paid even if you make a loss.

What is the safest investment with the highest return? ›

These seven low-risk but potentially high-return investment options can get the job done:
  • Money market funds.
  • Dividend stocks.
  • Bank certificates of deposit.
  • Annuities.
  • Bond funds.
  • High-yield savings accounts.
  • 60/40 mix of stocks and bonds.
May 13, 2024

What is the purpose of the agency bond? ›

Their primary purpose is to finance lending sectors such as farming, home ownership, and education. Agency Bonds usually offer higher interest rates compared to Treasuries because they carry a slightly higher risk (despite having low risk overall). In finance, risk is an essential factor to consider.

Can you sell agency bonds before maturity? ›

If you want to sell your bond before it matures, you may have to pay a commission for the transaction or your broker may take a "markdown." A markdown is an amount—usually a percentage—by which your broker reduces the sales price to cover the cost of the transaction and make a profit on it.

Are agency bonds tax free? ›

Most bonds issued by government agencies are tax-exempt. This means interest on these bonds are excluded from gross income for federal tax purposes. In addition, interest on the bonds is exempt from State of California personal income taxes.

What type of bond is a good investment? ›

U.S. government and agency bonds and securities carry the "full faith and credit" guarantee of the U.S. government and are considered one of the safest investments. What that means: regardless of war, inflation or the state of the economy, the U.S. government pays back its bondholders.

What is the difference between agency bonds and municipal bonds? ›

Unlike municipal bonds, which are generally tax-exempt at the federal level and often at the state and local levels as well, agency bonds are generally taxable. This means that the interest income earned from agency bonds is subject to federal income tax, as well as any applicable state and local taxes.

Do agency bonds settle in Fed funds? ›

These trades are settled through NSCC - the National Securities Clearing Corporation. U.S. Government and agency bond trades settle in Federal Funds, which are good funds on the business day of the fund's transfer (the next business day for regular settlement of government securities).

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